courts and other justice mechanisms without fear of being deported as a consequence, and that migrant domestic workers should have access to temporary shelter when needed due to the abusive circumstances of their employment. States parties are encouraged to consider time-bound or expedited legal proceedings to address complaints by migrant domestic workers. Moreover, States parties are encouraged to enter into bilateral agreements in order to ensure that migrants who return to their country of origin may have access to justice in the country of employment, including to complain about abuse and to claim unpaid wages and benefits. Access to regular migration status 51. With a view to preventing irregular migration as well as smuggling and human trafficking, States parties should ensure that migrant domestic workers have access to regular channels for migration based on actual demand (article 68). 52. States parties should take appropriate measures to address the extreme vulnerability of undocumented migrant domestic workers, especially women and children. In particular, States parties should consider policies, including regularization programmes, to avoid or resolve situations in which migrant domestic workers are undocumented or are at risk of falling into irregular status (article 69). 53. States parties should avoid making the immigration status of migrant domestic workers conditional on the sponsorship or guardianship of a specific employer, since any such arrangement may unduly restrict the liberty of movement of migrant domestic workers (article 39) and increases their vulnerability to exploitation and abuse, including in conditions of forced labour or servitude (article 11). Respect for family unity 54. States parties shall take appropriate measures to protect the unity of the families of migrant domestic workers in a regular situation (article 44, paragraph 1). In particular, migrant domestic workers should have reasonable opportunities for family contact and family-related mobility, including opportunities to communicate with family left behind, travel to participate in essential family matters such as funerals, and, especially in the case of long-term migrants, to visit spouses and children in other countries. States parties should ensure that children separated from one or both parents are allowed to maintain direct contact with both parents on a regular basis. 55. Moreover, States parties should take appropriate measures with regard to migrant domestic workers in a regular situation to facilitate their reunification with their spouses and children (article 44, paragraph 2). In the event of the death of or divorce from a migrant worker with a regular status, States parties should favourably consider granting independent residence status to family members of that migrant worker (article 50). Special protections for children 56. In line with the Convention on the Rights of the Child and relevant International Labour Organization (ILO) instruments, States should ensure that migrant children do not perform any type of domestic work which is likely to be hazardous or harmful to their health or physical, mental, spiritual, moral or social development. States shall refrain from adopting policies aimed at recruiting domestic migrant children. 57. States parties shall ensure that all migrant children, independently of their migration status, have access to free and compulsory primary education as well as to secondary education on the basis of equality of treatment with nationals of the State concerned (article 30), and that the domestic work carried out by children does not interfere with their education. Schools should not be required to report data on the regular or irregular status of pupils to immigration authorities. 58. Children of migrant domestic workers shall be registered soon after birth, independently of the migration status of their parents, and be provided with birth certificates and other identity documents States should take all appropriate measures to ensure that children are not deprived of a nationality. (article 29) 55