law, everyone shall be entitled to a fair and public hearing by a competent,
independent and impartial tribunal established by law. The press and the
public may be excluded from all part or part of a trial for reasons of morals,
public order (order public) or national security in a democratic society, or
when the interest of the private lives of the parties so requires, or to the extent
strictly necessary in the opinion of the court in special circumstances where
publicity would prejudice the interest of justice; but any judgment rendered in
a criminal case or in a suit at law shall be made public, except where the interest
of juvenile persons otherwise requires or the proceedings concerns matrimonial
disputes or the guardianship of children.
2.
Everyone charged with a criminal charge shall have the right to be presumed
innocent until proved guilty according to law.
3.
In the determination of any criminal charge against him, everyone shall be
entitled to the following minimum guarantees, in full equality:
4.
(a)
To be informed promptly and in detail, in a language which he
understands, of the nature and cause of the charge against him;
(b)
To have adequate time and facilities for the preparations of his defense
and to communicate with counsel of his choosing;
(c)
To be tried without undue delay;
(d)
To be tried in his presence, and to defend himself in person or through
legal assistance of his own choosing; to be informed, if he does not
have legal assistance, of his right; and to have legal assistance assigned
to him, in any case where the interests of justice so require, and without
payment by him in any such case, if he does not have sufficient means
to pay for it;
(e)
To examine, or have examined, the witness against him and to obtain
the attendance and examination of witnesses on his behalf under the
same conditions as witnesses against him;
(f)
To have the free assistance of an interpreter if he cannot understand
or speak the language used in court;
(g)
Not to be compelled to testify against himself or to confess guilt.
In the case of juvenile persons, the procedure shall be such as will take account
of their age and the desirability of promoting their rehabilitation.
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