Billions State expenditure Vs Education expenditure 18.00 16.00 14.00 12.00 10.00 8.00 6.00 15.30 15.05 13.66 11.71 11.87 1.82 1.46 1.60 2.00 2010 2011 2012 4.00 2.00 ‐ 2009 Government Education 2.03 2013 Gove. real Education. Real Source: Ministry of Finance and Treasury, information obtained in 2014 73. Provision 37 of Employment Act (2/2008) provides for overtime payment. Conversely teachers’ overtime allowance was reduced to a 5 percent of basic salary due to budgetary constraints. As noted in paragraph 222 of the CRC state report, teachers are part of Civil Service and a teacher with a Bachelor’s degree earned MVR 8795 (US $ 570) gross per month including allowances. In the recent years teachers have raised discontent about their pay and limitations imposed on their overtime (OT) allowances. Government announced to increase salary of teachers to more than one third of their basic salaries from 2015 academic year.120 During this reporting period issue of teachers OT was brought to the attention of HRCM multiple times by teachers but efforts to resolve this issue remain ineffective. 74. Significant achievements in education include near universal achievement of primary education and there is no gender difference observed in primary and secondary enrolment rates.121 Gross and net enrolment rates are high for primary. There is substantial difference between gross and net enrolment rates for lower secondary suggesting considerable repetition especially among girls.122 Gross and Net Enrolment Rate (%) 2014 120 100 105.4 98.6 108.1 Gross Enrolment Rate Net Enrolment Rate 109.4 107.5 98.6 84 78.8 80 60 42.2 40 20.2 28.2 27.3 20 0 Male Female Primary Male Female Lower secondary Page 19 of 39 Male Female Higher Secondary