responsible not only for intentional acts, but also for negligence. The CAT not only defines torture and its various elements, but also puts the contracting parties, according to Article 4, under the obligation of ensuring that all acts of torture, attempt to torture and complicity or participation in torture are punishable by appropriate penalties, which take into account their grave nature.17 Moreover, Article 12 of the CAT stipulates that “[e]ach State Party shall ensure that its competent authorities proceed to a prompt and impartial investigation, wherever there is reasonable ground to believe that an act of torture has been committed in any territory under its jurisdiction.” The CAT also puts the States parties under the obligation to take necessary measures to ensure that the complainants and witnesses of any incidence of torture are protected against all ill-treatment or intimidation as a consequence of her complaint or any evidence given.18 Most importantly, the CAT provides for compensation for torture: “Each State Party shall ensure in its legal system that the victim of an act of torture obtains redress and has an enforceable right to fair and adequate compensation, including the means for as full rehabilitation as possible. In the event of the death of the victim as a result of an act of torture, his dependants shall be entitled to compensation.”19 17 Article 4 of the CAT. Article 13 of the CAT. 19 See, Article 14 of the CAT. 18 26