REPORT ON INVESTIGATED KILLINGS IN RELATION TO THE ANTI-ILLEGAL DRUG CAMPAIGN CONTENTS iii Executive Summary v Glossary 1 Objectives 2 Scope and Methodology 6 Overview 6 7 Demographics Source of income 9 Killings by Law Enforcement Operatives 10 14 Use of necessary and sufficient force Patterns of discrepancies 24 Killings by Unidentified and Other Types of Perpetrators 27 Challenges in Domestic Accountability Measures 27 32 34 35 Policy of refusal to access police documents Internal investigations into police resulting to death Law enforcement investigations on alleged drug-related killings Unwillingness of witnesses and complainants 37 Conclusions 38 Recommendations 45 Annexes ii