Several attendees noted that it was common for children to be present during incidents of public discrimination against their parents or carers. A frequent site of discrimination against Muslims was reported to be shopping centres, with security guards perceived as not responding adequately. Many participants spoke of the practical and psychological impacts of these harms, both on an individual and community level. A Jewish representative said that Jews in Australia do not feel they can organise community events without intense security processes including, for example, checking the undersides of cars for bombs. A participant from the Uniting Church shared research showing that when Muslim women are abused or discriminated against in public, they tend to retreat into the home.19 A Muslim participant noted the fear of abuse or discrimination on the basis of their religious identity has affected women’s ability to participate in work or study. Discrimination can also lead to a lack of a sense of belonging in Australia. A Muslim participant, born in Australia, described a recent conversation with her 16-year-old daughter, who was also born in Australia. The mother had assumed that, being third generation Australian, her daughter would feel ‘more Australian’ than she did. Instead, the daughter confessed to feeling unwanted and un‑Australian because of her religious identity. Freedom of religion in Australia: a focus on serious harms • July 2020 • 11