26. As many cases of improper discipline of students have occurred in juvenile reform institutions, the Control Yuan has initiated an investigation of these institutions. The findings prompted the Agency of Corrections to not only augment human resources, equipment and facilities, but also to establish procedures to regulate the use of physical restraints, and to provide medical equipment and student medical treatment. The agency introduced special educational resources, and enhanced the guardians’ knowledge about special education and counseling skills. Furthermore, it also integrated the procedures in both the judicial and administrative branches to resolve juvenile cases, as well as facilitate teamwork among the sectors of education, health, social welfare, labor administration, and prison administration. In 2019, juvenile reform institutions were reorganizí into a branch of Juvenile Correctional Schools, and future improvements are to be expected. Article 8 Protections Against Slavery Prevention of Human Trafficking and Labor Exploitation 27. Foreign boat crew members hired abroad are identified as the lowest-level laborers working in high-risk, critical environments. Despite having a standard labor contract, the protection of their rights and interests provided therein is still akin to a dead letter. As Taiwan’s laws and regulations do not apply to them, they cannot be protected under these laws and regulations. Given the poor labor conditions and insufficient protection of their interests and rights, foreign crew members are often forced to work overtime and accept poor meals and medical care, and are even exploited or subjected to situations of human trafficking and abuse. According to international media, they are generally described as “slave labor” and “slaves.” As a country upholding human rights while making massive harvests in distant water fisheries, Taiwan cannot ignore the protection of foreign crew members’ basic rights. Upon investigation and subsequent follow-up by the Control Yuan, the Council of Agriculture enacted and promulgated the Act for Distant Water Fisheries and amended the Fisheries Act on July 20, 2016. It then promulgated and enforced the Regulations on the Authorization and Management of Overseas Employment of Foreign Crew Members on January 20, 2017, in order to regulate employment brokers, expressly define the assurance of a minimum salary, enhance the personal and medical protection for foreign crew members, and take more robust measures to improve fishing workers’ labor conditions. 28. According to data from the Immigration Agency of the Ministry of the Interior (hereinafter referred to as the “Immigration Agency”), from 2012 to the end of December 2017, there have been a total of 676,142 migrant workers in Taiwan. Of this number, there have been 52,317 migrant workers who canot be traced and their whereabouts are unknown, with this number increasing year on year. 15