National Institution for Human Rights – Kingdom of Bahrain a manner consistent with the purposes of the Convention. In addition, the United Nations General Assembly, in its Resolution No. 57/199, adopted an optional protocol attached to the Convention which aims to establish a regular monitoring system through working visits carried out by international and national bodies to places where individuals are deprived of their liberty in order to prevent torture and other forms of ill-treatment. 6. Though the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain did not accede to the Optional Protocol to the Convention to date, concerning institutional building, the Government has created and determined the mandates of the Prisoners and Detainees Rights Commission under Decree No. 61 of 2013. The Commission was established in compliance with the Government’s commitments to the recommendations of the report prepared by BICI and in line with its voluntary pledges before the Human Rights Council’s Universal Periodic Review. The Commission is granted the right to monitor prisons, detention centers, juvenile and detainee care centers, and other places where people may be detained, such as hospitals and mental hospitals, in order to verify the detention conditions of the inmates and the treatment they receive, and ensure that they are not subjected to torture or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment. 7. As part of the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain treaty commitments for submitting reports to the Committee Against Torture (CAT) arising from the provisions of the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment to follow-up the states’ implementation of its provisions, the Government submitted its initial report to the Committee on May 18, 2004, even though the deadline for the report submission is April 1999. CAT had recommended the Government to submit its next periodic report by April 2007. However, the Government has not complied with this request to date and did not provide a justification for the delay. This constitutes a breach of its commitment to the international treaty. 8. Given the reality of the death penalty, which affects the essence of the right to life, the Ministry of Justice, Islamic Affairs and Endowments reported, in its reply to NIHR questions in this regard, that since 2013, only one death penalty judgment was issued. The death penalty judgment, according to Article 40 of the DecreeLaw No. 8 of 1989 Promulgating the Court of Cassation Law is considered to be challenged by the force of law before the Court of Cassation. It is noteworthy that the Government of the Kingdom of Bahrain, in stating its observations on the Universal Periodic Review recommendations before the Human Rights Council for adopting moratorium of the death penalty or its abolition in absolute terms, did not support such recommendations because they are contrary to the provisions of the Constitution and the Penal Code which provides for the death penalty, along with appropriate safeguards to ensure fair death penalty when committing such serious crimes. 9. Regarding the right to physical and moral integrity and the implementation of Recommendation No. 1716 of the report of BICI of, which states as follows: “Developing an independent and impartial accountability mechanism of government officials who have committed acts in violation of the law, or caused, by reason of neglect, cases of murder, torture and ill-treatment of civilians, with a view to taking legal and disciplinary action against such persons, including those with leadership positions, whether civilian or military, to whom the principle of command liability applies in accordance with international standards”, the Attorney General Resolution No. 8 of 2012 was issued for establishing a special investigation unit which has the mandate to investigate and handle the allegations 41