Whai Rawa, Ngāi Tahu Whai Rawa68 is an example of a parallel Māori institution with autonomy.69 Whai Rawa parallels the role of the commercial banking sector. Whai Rawa is a medium to long-term savings and investment scheme set up by Te Rūnanga o Ngāi Tahu in 2006. This scheme is iwi-driven for whānau members. The aim is to encourage savings for identified purposes, including home ownership, and that home may be beyond the Ngāi Tahu takiwā. In 2022, $123 million was in managed funds, 31,500 members were part of the scheme with $20 million withdrawn towards home ownership (or other objectives). The scheme operates through matched savings, investments are transparent, and the matched savings can be put towards ownership of new or existing homes (or other objectives). In addition to distributing funds annually, the scheme aims to increase financial literacy through a children’s club, Kaitiaki, which provides guides and other educational material. A fundamental aspect of Whai Rawa is to enable all members to have access to the scheme. Opportunities and initiatives available to registered Ngāi Tahu whānau are outlined on the Ngāi Tahu website.70 Other scheme initiatives include opportunities for whānau, including business startups. Accountability for this scheme is understood as to the whole organisation of Ngāi Tahu and acknowledged in all outcomes, being always an active process. Accountability is built into the Whai Rawa scheme through its Statement of Corporate Intent, Ngāi Tahu being fully licensed to provide this service for members. As an example, monitoring takes place in reviewing those members of the scheme against those with active accounts. Accountability is understood as tikanga, taking appropriate action, and is acknowledged in all outcomes. Accountability also extends to values that Ngāi Tahu upholds – whanaungatanga, manaakitanga, tohungatanga, rangatiratanga and kaitiakitanga. Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei Whai Rawa also has a Toi Tupu savings and investment programme.71 29