Human Rights And Statelessness I N P E N I N S U L AR M AL AYS I A 6.3 6.2.3 High and hidden costs throughout citizenship application process 6.2.4 Long waiting times resulting in uncertainty, anxiety, and desperation 6.2.5 Inability to track status of application and no reason given for rejected applications 6.2.6 Difficulty tracing down documents or people as part of the application process Denial of human rights and inability to access services while waiting for citizenship application to be processed Section 7: Impacts of Statelessness 7.1 Overview 7.2 Human rights and statelessness 7.2.1 Statelessness as it intersects with the rights to food, housing, family life, and duty to community 7.2.2 Statelessness as it intersects with the rights to social security, life, physical and mental health, education, non-discrimination, fair trial, and liberty 7.2.3 Statelessness as it intersects with the rights of women against violence, freedom of expression, assembly, and to not be subjected to torture or degrading treatment Section 8: Attempts at Resolving Statelessness in Peninsular Malaysia 8.1 Government perceptions towards statelessness 8.2 Data and statistics of stateless persons in Peninsular Malaysia 8.3 Developments in addressing statelessness in Peninsular Malaysia 8.3.1 State’s recognition and commitment to preventing and reducing statelessness at the international level 8.3.2 Targeted registration initiatives for stateless Indians and Orang Asli with no documentation 8.3.3 Changes made to procedures to facilitate applications of citizenship by government agencies 8.3.4 Citizenship policy reforms by elected representatives viii 159 160 161 162 163 175 176 189 198 206 217 223 224 226 231 231 232 234 234