a. Dress code revisions ........................................................................................... 18 b. Changes to performance review rules, rewards, and disciplinary action ............ 20 6. Facts about the dress code policy: Statements by each party and actual dress code requirements............................................................................................................. 21 1) Does the dress code discriminate based on gender? .............................................. 21 a. Statements by the complainant ........................................................................... 21 b. Statements by the respondents ............................................................................ 24 c. Statements by government agencies ................................................................... 28 d. Airline dress code policies .................................................................................. 32 2) Are there health and safety risks associated with dress code policies? ................. 33 a. Statements by the complainant ........................................................................... 33 b. Statements by the respondents ............................................................................ 35 c. Statements by government agencies ................................................................... 38 7. The Government’s Fulfillment of its Obligations as a State Party to CEDAW ....... 39 1) The government has taken measures to eliminate both direct and indirect discrimination against women, as well as to address gender stereotypes and biases. ... 40 a. Complainant’s main arguments .......................................................................... 40 b. Main arguments by government entities ............................................................. 40 c. Actions taken by government entities ................................................................. 41 2) The government’s implementation of working conditions that ensure equal access to health and safety for men and women in the workplace ........................................... 44 a. Ministry of Labor ................................................................................................ 44 b. Ministry of Transportation and Communications ............................................... 45 V. Investigation and Analysis ............................................................................................ 46 1. Analysis of Dress Codes .......................................................................................... 46 1) Do the dress codes for female cabin crew constitute gender discrimination? ....... 46 a. Discrimination as defined by CEDAW: distinctions, exclusions, or restrictions made on the basis of gender ..................................................................................... 48 b. Differential Treatment in Management Measures............................................... 49 c. Differential treatment in terms of welfare measures ........................................... 58 d. Domestic and International Cases ....................................................................... 59 e. Conclusion .......................................................................................................... 63 2) Health and safety risks associated with female cabin crew’s dress codes ............. 63 a. International Human Rights Treaty protections .................................................. 65 b. Respondents’ defense .......................................................................................... 66 c. Related research .................................................................................................. 67 i