starting work onboard. Whether for coastal or distant waters, their preparation may amount to simply watching a short video, leaving no assurance that they have received sufficient training. Some civil society groups argue employers should be responsible for providing the necessary training for their laborers. However, industry operators believe they have already paid intermediaries to recruit skilled workers from abroad and provide wages. Yet, the migrant fishers who arrive often lack adequate skills or fail to take the fulfillment of their labor contracts seriously and may even terminate their contracts arbitrarily. Given these two vastly different perspectives, what measures has the Fisheries Agency implemented? (1) Training Muhamad revealed in this interview that basic safety training (BST) in Indonesia is usually organized through cooperation between intermediaries and training centers. However, individuals are free to seek out training centers on their own. If handled by intermediaries, the package typically includes services like applying for a seafarer’s certificate. The validity period of the training depends on whether it’s for domestic or overseas work; overseas training is valid for 5 years and costs roughly 1.6 million rupiahs, while domestic training is valid for 1 year and costs 1 million rupiahs. What’s the most important training for working in Taiwan? Muhamad believes learning skills like tying ropes is crucial for first-time fishers without experience. For experienced fishers, it’s more about understanding labor rights or the cultural differences in work practices. “Working in Taiwan is different from working in Indonesia. In Taiwan, everything has to be fast, fast, fast. This also needs to be explained to the fishers.” Reyne shared a similar experience. When he obtained his seafarer’s certificate in the Philippines, he received safety training but no training specific to fishing. He learned how to fish and operate equipment by shadowing 37