ABUSIVE IDEOLOGIES AND STRUCTURAL RISKS THAT CONTRIBUTE TO VIOLENCE TOWARDS DISABLED PEOPLE 35 Abusive ideologies 35 Myths and low knowledge of rights create risks 35 Exercise of power in institutional community and residential settings create risk 36 Structural factors that increase risk of violence 36 Situational factors that increase risks of violence 37 An intersectional and participatory response is required 37 WE NEED A TWIN-TRACK APPROACH TO ADDRESS GAPS IN SERVICES, KNOWLEDGE AND PRACTICE 38 TWIN-TRACK APPROACH 39 TWIN TRACK ONE: GAPS IN THE ACCESSIBILITY OF ALL RELEVANT MAINSTREAM SERVICES AND PROCESSES 39 Lack of data and evidence to inform effective responses 39 Lack of a shared language 40 Little intersectoral collaboration to address violence and abuse 40 Low availability, little physical accessibility and insufficient accessible information create barriers to access 40 Lack of trust and respect for disabled people 42 Gaps in workforce competence 42 TWIN TRACK TWO: SPECIALIST SERVICES 43 Lack of culturally appropriate services 43 No national integrated safeguarding response 43 Promising practice 44 No outreach, long term, wrap around or 24/7 services 44 LACK OF MEANINGFUL PARTICIPATION OR PARTNERSHIPS WITH DISABLED PEOPLE A TWIN-TRACK APPROACH UNDERPINNED BY TE TIRITI AND HUMAN RIGHTS UNDERPINNED BY TE TIRITI 45 46 47 Tino rangatiratanga for whanau whaikaha 47 A plan for progressive realisation 47 Obligations to protect, respect and fulfil human rights 47 A focus on equity 48 UNIVERSAL HUMAN RIGHTS IMPLEMENTED THROUGH A CRPD LENS 49 Acting now for a violence and abuse free future 3