INTRODUCTION 16 TE TIRITI O WAITANGI AND HUMAN RIGHTS 17 TE TIRITI O WAITANGI 18 HUMAN RIGHTS FRAMEWORK 19 The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities 19 Disabled people’s leadership 20 Indigenous and gender lenses are critical 20 Addressing discrimination 20 Rights in Aotearoa 21 DISABLED PEOPLE IN AOTEAROA INTRODUCING DISABLED PEOPLE AND TĀNGATA WHAIKAHA MĀORI 22 23 Disabled people are diverse but share some common experiences 23 Situational risks shared by disabled people and other adults at risk 24 Disabled people are a significant part of the population 24 Disabled people experience significant socioeconomic marginalisation 24 Tāngata whaikaha Māori experience additional layers of marginalisation 25 Disabled women fare worse than disabled men 25 Socioeconomic disadvantage creates risk 25 EXPLAINING VIOLENCE AND ABUSE AGAINST DISABLED PEOPLE AND TĀNGATA WHAIKAHA MĀORI WHAT IS VIOLENCE AGAINST DISABLED PEOPLE AND TĀNGATA WHAIKAHA MĀORI? 26 27 Abuse can be caused by deliberate action or by inaction 27 Who harms disabled people? 28 Family can be a source of harm 28 Violence is disabling, it creates and worsens barriers to participation 28 THE MAGNITUDE OF VIOLENCE TOWARDS DISABLED PEOPLE GLOBALLY: HIGHER RISKS 29 THE MAGNITUDE OF VIOLENCE TOWARDS DISABLED PEOPLE IN AOTEAROA: HIGHER RISKS Disabled adults 30 Tāngata whaikaha Māori 30 Gender-diverse disabled people 31 People with learning disability 31 Older disabled people 32 Adults at risk 32 Murder of disabled people 33 Children 2 30 Human Rights Commission 33