Baseline Study on the Philippine Penal Conditions: Nurturing a Human Rights Based Approach (HRBA) to Penal Management First published: 30 May 2016 Printed in the Philippines by Premier Digital and Print Enterprise Copyright© 2016 by the Commission on Human Rights of the Philippines (CHRP), the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) and the Author. Principal Author: Raymund E. Narag, PhD Assistant Professor, Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice Southern Illinoi s University Carbondale Visiting Professor, National College of Public Administration and Governance, University of the Philippines Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Publ ication Committee: Ms. Judith Fortin Atty Brenda Canapi Atty Jaime Arroyo Atty Francis Tom Temprosa Atty. Ida La'O Ms. Marizen Santos Published by: Commission on Human Rights of t he Phili ppines SAAC Building Commonwealth Avenue, Diliman, Quezon City 1101 Republic of the Philippines Through the Assistance of the: mm mm United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) 30/F Yuchengco Towers, RCBC Plaza, 6819 Ayala Avenue corner Sen. Gil Puyat Avenue, Makati City 1226 Republic of the Phili ppines Empowered Nves. Resilient nations. All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, including photocopying. recording. or by informa tion storage retrieval system, w ithout written permission from the authors and the publishers. except for brief review . Disclaimer: Any opinion (s) expressed therein do not necessarily reflect the view s of the Commission on H uman Rights of the Ph ilippines and the United Nations Programm e but remain solely t hose of the author.