I. INTRODUCTION 1. The Indonesia National Human Rights Commission (Komisi Nasional Hak Asasi Manusia, popularly known and referred to by its acronym “Komnas HAM”), provides this submission to the United Nations Committee on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (hereafter the Committee) with regard to the Indonesia’s implementation of the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). 2. Under its statutory function, Komnas HAM can conduct a human rights monitoring including to monitor the implementation of the international human rights to which Indonesia is a state party, in this case the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR). 3. Komnas HAM is a national human rights institution with an “A” accreditation by the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions 4. Previously, Komnas HAM has submitted a Submission on List of Issues Prior to Reporting (LOIPR) on Indonesia’s anticipated 2nd periodic report under the International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR) in January 2022. This submission is a follow up submission of the previous one. II. THEMATIC ISSUES Right to Health 5. In 2022, there were 324 cases of Acute Kidney Failure in Children occurring in 28 provinces in Indonesia, with 199 cases resulting in fatalities. The majority of victims are aged between 0-5 years (toddlers) and the remaining are in the age groups under 1 year, 6-10 years and 11-18 years. These cases occurred due to contamination of the toxic substance Ethylene Glycol/Diethylene Glycol (EG/DEG) in syrup drugs produced by a number of pharmaceutical companies. 6. Komnas HAM found delays in preventing cases of kidney failure in children due to a weak pharmaceutical surveillance system in Indonesia. 7. However, Komnas HAM recognizes the Government of Indonesia (GoI) efforts in terms of law enforcement and in providing post-incident compensation and health services.