/fli^«o dfgj clwsf/ cfof]u
jflif{s k|ltj]bg 2061÷62
cfqmd0faf6 #( hgf ;j{;fwf/0fsf] Hofg uPsf] ljifo xf];\ jf ljBfnoaf6 ljBfyL{x¿nfO{ OR5f ljk/Lt
c1ft 7fpFdf nUg] ljifo, aGbL jf gfsfaGbLnufot JolQmxTof, ckx/0f / ;'/IffsdL{sf] kl/jf/nfO{ c;/
kfl/Psf] ljifonfO{ cfof]un] k|];gf]6 dfkm{t ;fj{hlgs ¿kdf p7fO{ dfcf]jfbLx¿sf sfo{sf] eT;{gf ub]{
dfgj clwsf/ / dfgjLo sfg'gsf] ljk/Lt x'g] sfo{ gug{ k6s k6s cfu|x u/]sf] lyof] . o;sf cnfjf
klg afnaflnsfnfO{ o'4sf] nflu k|of]u ug]{, ;j{;fwf/0fnfO{ lgd{d oftgf lbg], hah{:tL rGbf c;'n
ug]{, ljBfnox¿df la:kmf]6 u/fpg], nfdf] ;do;Dd ljBfnox¿ aGb ug{ nufpg], ;/sf/L
sfof{nox¿df laikmf]6 u/fpg] sfo{x¿nfO{ dfcf]jfbLn] lg/Gt/tf lbPsf] x'Fbf oL s'/fx¿nfO{ ;d]t
cfof]un] uDeL/ ¿kdf p7fO{ g} /x\of] .
o;} jif{ åGåsf] ¿kfGt/0f zflGtk"0f{ 9+uaf6 x'g g;s]sf] sf/0f xTof, :j]R5frf/L lu/km\tf/L, cdfgjLo
oftgf, a]kQf kfg]{ / ckx/0f h:tf dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gsf uDeL/ k|s[ltsf 36gfx¿ cem Jofks
j9\]sf] egL ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgj clwsf/ ;ldltsf] ^! cfF} jflif{s a}7sdf Jofks jx; Pjd\
5nkmn eO{ g]kfn ;/sf/ tyf ;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3Lo dfgj clwsf/ pRrfo'Qmsf] sfof{no aLr g]kfndf
cGt/fli6«o dfgj clwsf/ cg'udg sfof{no /fVg] ;DaGwdf ;Demf}tf eO{ cfO6d !( kfl/t eO{ ;f]xL
adf]lhd cGt/fli6«o cg'udg sfof{no :yfkgf ePsf] 5 . ;+s6sfnsf] cjlwdf dfgj clwsf/sdL{,
kqsf/ tyf /fhg}ltssdL{x¿sf] u}/ sfg'gL lu/km\tf/Ln] /fli6«o tyf cGt/f{li6«o¿kdf lgs} rrf{ kfof] .
;+o'Qm /fi6« ;+3, PDg]li6 O{G6/g]zgn, Pkm=Pg=h], ef/t, cd]l/sf, a]nfot, o'/f]k]nL o'lgog nuftsf ldq
/fi6«x¿n] g]kfnsf] dfgj clwsf/sf] cj:yfk|lt lrGtf JoQm u/]sf lyP . o;} jif{ g]kfndf a]kQf
kfl/Psfx¿sf] l:ylt cWoog ug{ ;+o'Qm /fi6;+3sf a]kQf ;DaGwL x]g]{ sfo{bnsf k|d'v nufot cGo
;b:ox¿n] g]kfndf cfO{ l:yltsf] hfgsf/L lng'ePsf] lyof] eg] cfof]u;Fu klg ;f] ljifodf a[xt
5nkmn ePsf] lyof] .
dfgj clwsf/ pNn+3gsf] ljifonfO{ cfof]un] uDeL/¿kdf p7fP klg To;df ck]lIft ;'wf/ cfpg
;s]sf] 5}g . lx/f;tdf /x]sf sltko JolQmx¿nfO{ cbfntaf6 y'gf d'Qm ug]{ cfb]z ePnuQ} sltko
cj:yfdf cbfnt kl/;/af6} ljgf k'hL{ lu/km\tf/ ug]{ / o:tf] 36gf cfof]usf k|ltlglwx¿s} cufl8 klg
x'g] u/]sf] ljifonfO{ uDeL/¿kdf lnO{ o:tf lqmofsnfkx? gbf]xf]/\ofpg / s;}nfO{ klg lu/km\tf/ ubf{
sfg'gn] lglb{i6 u/]sf sfo{ljlwx¿ clgjfo{¿kdf k'/f ug{ >L % sf] ;/sf/nfO{ k6s k6s Wofgfsif{0f
ubf{ klg cbfntaf6 y'gfd'Qm ug]{ cfb]z ePsf sltkonfO{ u}/sfg'gL ¿kdf k'gM lu/km\tf/ ug]{ sfo{n]
lg/Gt/tf kfPsf] 5 .
cfof]udf kg{ cfPsf ph'/Lx¿dWo] a]kQf kl/Psf] eGg] ljifosf ph'/Lx¿ cTolws 5g\ . cfofun] s]xL
jif{ b]lv of] ljifonfO{ k|fyldstf lbO{ cfPsf] 5 . a]kQf ePsf elgPsf dflg;x¿sf] vf]hLsf]
l;nl;nfdf ;'/Iff lgsfo;Fu cGt/lqmof, cfof]un] nuftf/¿kdf zfxL g]kfnL ;]gfsf] Jof/]s, k|x/Lsf]
y'g'jf s]Gb| tyf cGo sf/fuf/x¿df ;d]t sltko cj:yfdf cfsl:ds e|d0f u/L hfgsf/Ldf lnPsf]
tYox¿m ljleGg ;do ul/Psf] :ynut cg'udg tyf >L % sf] ;/sf/n] of] ljifodf v8f u/]sf]
;ldltn] ;fj{hlgs u/]sf gfdx¿sf cfwf/df sltko a]kQf kfl/Psf elgPsf s]xL dflg;x¿sf] l:ylt
;fj{hlgs ePsf] 5 . xfn klg 7"nf] ;+Vofdf dflg;x¿ a]kQf eO/x]sf eGg] ph'/Lx? cfof]udf btf{
ePsf 5g\ . ;'/Iffsd{L{af6 kqmfp u/]kl5 dfl/Psf] jf lgbf]{if dflg; dfl/Psf] egL cfof]udf k/]sf
sltko ph'/Lx¿sf] cg';Gwfg k'/f u/L cfof]un] ;DalGwt clwsf/LnfO{ sf/afxL tyf kLl8tsf]
kl/jf/nfO{ Ifltk"lt{sf] nflu l;kmfl/; ;d]t u/]sf] 5 . o;}u/L dfcf]jfbLåf/f ckx/0f ul/Psf] elgPsf]
ljifodf ;d]t b}lgs h;f]g} ph'/Lx¿ k|fKt x'g u/]sfdf o; ljifodf cfof]un] :ynut¿kdf cg'udg
ug]{, ;DalGwt kIf;Fu 5nkmn ug]{ tyf k|To]s xKtf ;~rf/ hut dfkm{t Wofgfsif{0f ug]{ ul/Psf] 5 .
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